临床治疗肺结核有效中医方药研究

Study of the Formulas and Herbs of Traditional Chinese Medicine Treating Pulmonary Tuberculosis Effectively Based on Clinical Reports

目的:检索近20年中医治疗肺结核临床常用方药,分析常用剂型和药物,为临床辨证用药提供一定依据。方法 :以肺结核、肺痨、中药、中医、临床为检索词,系统检索中国学术期刊网络出版总库、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库与中国生物医学文献数据库近20年来中医药治疗肺结核的临床文献,选取治疗有效的病例文献,运用SPSS 20.0软件建立所用方、药的数据库,进行分析。结果:共纳入符合标准的文献224篇,患者6 428例。使用成方加减2 492例,其中采用中成药(颗粒剂、膏剂、丸剂、胶囊、口服液等)者2 003例,采用汤剂者489例;采用自拟方3 936例,其中使用中成药(颗粒剂、膏剂、丸剂、胶囊、口服液等)者2 312例,采用汤剂者1 624例。所用药物包括补虚药、止咳化痰药、活血药、止血药、解表药、平肝熄风药、利水渗湿药、清热药、祛风湿药、重镇安神药,共10类,114味。结论:肺结核治疗中使用成方较少、自拟方较多;中成药较多,汤药较少;使用中药的种类和味数较多,以补虚药为主,反映了肺结核以虚为主的病机特点。

Objective：To summarize the common herbs and formulas of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）treating pulmonary tuberculosis in recent 20 years. Methods：Terms including ＂pulmonary tuberculosis＂,＂pulmonary consumption＂,＂Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM）＂ and ＂clinic＂ were used to retrieve the literature on herbs and formulas treating pulmonary tuberculosis in recent 20 years from CNKI,VIP and CMD databases,and the research with effective treatment was chosen. SPSS 20.0 software was applied to establish a database of the applied herbs and formulas,and the data were analyzed. Results：There were 224 research papers of 6 428 patients included meeting with the criteria. There were 2 492 cases given modified established formulas,in which 2 003 cases were given TCM pattern medicine（in the form of granule,decoction extract,pill,capsule and oral liquid）,and 489 cases were given decoction. There were 3 936 cases given invented formulas,in which 2312 cases were given TCM pattern medicine（in the form of granule,decoction extract,pill,capsule and oral liquid）,and 1 624 cases were given decoction. Herbs used were those to tonify deficiency,reduce phlegm and stop cough,invigorate blood circulation,stop bleeding,relieve the exterior,calm the liver and stop wind,promote urination and drain the dampness,clear heat,disperse wind and remove dampness,and calm the mind. There were 114 herbs used,of 10 categories. Conclusion：In the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis,the invented formula was more than the established formula,and TCM pattern medicine was more than the decoction;herbs applied were various and of different categories,in which herbs to tonify were predominant. Such formulas and herbs reflect the disease mechanism of pulmonary tuberculosis and characteristics of the treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis.