肺癌诊断方法的比较与研究进展

Comparison and Research Progress of the Diagnostic Approaches of Lung Cancer

近年来,随着周围环境的恶化,肺癌的发病率最高并且呈现逐年上升的趋势,且其早期表现隐匿,很容易被忽视,很多患者确诊时已属晚期,丧失去了治疗的最佳时机。.本文主要总结和比较了几种传统的肺癌诊断方法如X线片、CT、MRI、PET-CT,并介绍了几种肺癌的最新的诊断技术,比如肺泡灌洗液或血清肿瘤标记物的联合检测、呼出气中的有机化合物的构成分析以及纤维支气管镜镜检技术等。上述方法诊断肺癌的敏感性和特异性各有优势,临床医生在临床工作中应合理应用上述检测方法,必要时联用多种检测手段,尤其要重视支气管肺泡灌洗液癌胚抗原如Cyfra21-1和CEA的联合检测,利用其较高的敏感性以提早发现和诊断肺癌。

Recently, with the deterioration of the surrounding environment, the incidence of cancer is increasing. Of all the cancers, lung cancer shows a rising trend year by year, however, owing to the early manifestation of lung cancer that is feasible to be ignored,many patients have lost a chance to cure when they were diagnosed as lung cancer. This paper mainly introduces several traditional diagnostic methods of lung cancer, such as X-ray films, CT, MRI PET-CT as well as.some newest technology, including combined detection of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid or serum tumor biomarker, component analysis of the organic compounds in expiratory air and fiber optic bronchoscope, etc. But all the methods mentioned above have different sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of lung cancer, so the clinical doctors should apply them reasonably in the clinical work, couple a variety of detection means if necessary, especially pay attention to the bronchoalveolar lavage carcinoembryonic antigen and CEA joint detection, such as Cyfra21-1, use their high sensitivity to early detect and diagnose lung cancer.