集聚对企业出口贸易的影响:技术差异的视角

The Agglomeration Effect on the Export Trade: a Study From the Perspective of Technical Differences

本文以企业异质性框架为基础,从理论上探讨了经济活动集聚影响企业出口绩效的机制,在理论分析的基础上利用我国2002-2009年的企业微观数据进行实证分析。通过实证分析证实：我国制造业经济活动的集聚,显著提高了我国技术复杂度较高企业的出口绩效;分行业样本的估计结果显示,我国制造业中技术密集型行业经济活动的集聚对企业出口绩效的影响最大;从不同所有制结构样本的估计结果看,外资企业的集聚对出口绩效的影响最为明显,同时企业技术复杂度的增加对技术密集型行业集聚出口效应的发挥所产生的提升作用最大,其次为民营企业,对国有企业的提升作用最低。

Using enterprise- level micro- data from 2002 to 2009, this article empirically analyzes how agglomeration in the manufacturing industry affects export performance from the perspective of differences in industrial technology. The results show that agglomeration of manufacturing economic activity significantly improves the performance in the export sector of companies with a higher degree of technological sophistication. The impact of agglomeration in technology- intensive industries is the largest. When the type of ownership is considered, the agglomeration effect in foreign- invested enterprises is the most significant and is where technological sophistication makes the most difference. The agglomeration effect is less noticeable in domestic private and state-owned enterprises.