汉代美术地理形态刍议

Geographical Research of Arts in Han Dynasty

文化地理研究表明,某种文化发达区域往往是以各种文化要素的数量等分项统计作基础,再相叠加划定的,文化要素的密集分布区就是文化发达区域。汉代美术要素因子(文献记载中的画家,考古发掘的汉代壁画墓、画像石、画像砖遗存)的分布密集区域为:兖、豫、青、徐地区,河南郡地区,南阳郡地区,京兆及其周围地区,蜀郡及其周围地区。前三区分布关系极为密切,呈现一种连体结构。以齐鲁与洛阳两地为轴心展开的东西狭长区域成为汉代各项美术要素因子分布最为密集的交汇地带,该区域即黄河中下游流域是汉代美术创作活动的重心,而当时南方美术的发展水平则远不及北方。

Cultural geography research shows that a culture developed area is often distinguished by the number of various cultural elements. In other words, areas with dense cultural elements distribution is identified as culturally developed. Fine arts elements of painters as recorded in historical literature, archaeological excavations of the Han dynasty tomb murals, stone figurines, brick remains with portraits have been found to be densely distributed in the areas of Yan, Yu, Qing, Xu, Henan county, Nanyang county, JingZhao and its vicinity, Sichuan and its vicinity, of which the first three regions are adjacent as a whole. The narrow areas with Qilu and Luoyang as axes respectively overlapped as regions with the most fine arts elements in Han Dynasty, which, that was the middle and lower reaches of Yellow River, was the hub for fine arts creation at that time, when development of fine arts in the north prevailed over that in the southern parts of China.