农业互助合作保险的国际经验与借鉴

International Experience of Co-operative Agricultural Insurance

互助合作制农业保险因契合农业生产、农村社会等制度优势,在多国农业保险领域均有广泛应用。相较于国际市场,我国农业互助合作保险仍有较大发展空间。通过对国外互助合作保险典型模式的分析与经验总结,从完善我国农业保险供给体系的角度探讨如何发展我国农业互助合作保险。首先重点剖析以相互保险公司为主的法国模式和以互助保险合作社为主的日本模式的组织方式及其背后的农情国情,总结农业互助合作保险成功模式的一般经验。其次,梳理我国互助合作农业保险发展情况,指出我国农业互助合作保险模式与国际成熟模式的差距。最后,结合国外农业互助合作保险发展的典型经验与中国具体国情,从健全农业互助合作保险立法、加强与商业性保险公司优势互补及重视风险转移分散机制建立三方面,提出构建我国农业互助合作保险组织体系的设想与建议。

Co-operative agricultural insurance, the mechanism of which was just fit for agriculture andrural society, was treated as an ideal mode for agricultural insurance and adopted worldwide. However,compared with the development of co-operative insurance abroad, agricultural co-operative insurance inChina still had a huge room to improve. Therefore, the main aim for this paper was to try to propose somepolicy recommendations for developing agricultural co-operative insurance from the perspective ofimproving the supply system of agricultural insurance, by summarizing the typical experience of agriculturalco-operation insurance in the world. This paper first analyzed the two typical models of co-operationinsurance — co-operation insurance in France and Japan, and summarized the general experience of theirorganization models. Then, by analyzing the development of agricultural cooperation insurance in China,gaps and shortcomings of China＇s agricultural cooperation insurance were identified by combining andcomparison with advanced pattern abroad. Finally, with the typical experience abroad and China＇s specificconditions, the paper proposed three suggestions including improving legislation system, strengtheningcooperation with commercial insurance companies and paying special attention to establish risk transfer anddispersion mechanism.