农民工市民化:渠道探索与匹配路径

Urbanization of Rural Migrant Workers:Channel Explorer and Matching Path

农民问题是"三农"问题的核心,农民工市民化是解决"农民"问题的重中之重。由于城乡差别的长期存在,使大量农村剩余劳动力转移到城市中务工和生活。但中国的制度、历史及农民工自身等原因,导致农民工无法融入城市生活,农民工市民化进程缓慢。基于农民工数据调查,运用问卷调查法和二元logistic模型研究农民工市民化现状及其影响因素。研究表明,农民工市民化的影响因素主要有年龄、性别、婚姻情况、教育情况和职业情况等影响因素。基于此,建议加快户籍制度改革,建立公平的社会保障体系,增加人力资本投资,提高农民工素质,促进农民工与市民沟通,以利加快农民工市民化进程。

Farmers＇ problem is the core problem of agriculture, farmers and rural area, and migrantworkers＇ citizenship is the most important problem in solving the problem of farmers. At present, there isserious expectations gap between farmers and urban residents. Because of the existence gap, a large numberof rural surplus labors transfer to cities to earn their lives. However, due to China＇s institutional andhistorical reasons, as well as migrant workers themselves and other reasons, led the migrant workers couldnot be integrated into the whole city life, and the speed of the development of the migrant workers into thecity is still slow. The paper based on survey data of migrant workers, using questionnaire survey and binarylogistic model to carry on the research of the current situation and the influencing factors of the rural migrantworkers＇ urbanization.Research showed the factors that affected the rural migrant workers were mainly age,gender, marital status, education situation and professional situation. Based on those, some suggestions wereput forward, such as accelerating the reform of household registration system, establishing a fair socialsecurity system, increasing human capital investment, improving the quality of the migrant workers,facilitating communication between migrant workers and citizens in order to speed up the process ofurbanization of rural migrant workers＇ path.