江西典型钨矿开采对周边环境稀土元素含量的影响

Rare earth elements content in farmland soils,crops and river near a typical Tungsten Ore in Jiangxi Province

研究了江西省典型钨矿区开采和冶炼对周边农田土壤、水体和白菜中稀土元素含量的影响.结果表明:钨矿区周边农田土壤中稀土元素含量范围在256~459 mg·kg^(-1)之间,平均值为373 mg·kg^(-1),土壤中稀土含量均高于江西省和全国土壤稀土元素含量的背景值,分别是它们的1.77倍和1.99倍.矿区河水中稀土元素浓度达3086μg·L^(-1),为对照区河水稀土元素浓度的497倍.矿区15个样地白菜稀土元素含量范围为773~5992μg·kg^(-1),平均值为3007μg·kg^(-1),为非矿区白菜稀土元素含量的5.22倍,矿区白菜稀土元素含量远超过我国蔬菜卫生标准稀土元素含量的限值(0.70 mg·kg^(-1)),说明钨矿开采冶炼已造成周边环境的污染,并对矿区居民身体健康构成潜在威胁.

Rare earth elements content in farmland soils,crops and river near a typical tungsten ore in Jiangxi province and its ecological risk were studied. The results show that the contents of rare earth elements in the farmland soil from the mine area vary from 256 to 459 mg·kg-（-1）and the average value is 373 mg·kg-（-1）. The rare earth elements content in the farmland soil is 1. 77 times the background value of Jiangxi Province and 1. 99 times the background value of China. The average content of rare earth elements in rivers near the tungsten ore is 3086 μg·L-（-1）,497 times the content in rivers from the control area. The contents of rare earth elements in the Chinese cabbages from 15 sample plots vary from 773 - 5992 μg·kg-（-1）,and the average value is 3007 μg·kg-（-1）,5. 22 times the rare earth elements in Chinese cabbages from non-mining area. Rare earth elements content in Chinese cabbages from mining area are far more than China＇s hygienic standard limit value of the vegetables（ 0. 70 mg·kg-（-1））. The results suggest that mining and smelting of tungsten ore has caused serious pollution of the surrounding environment,and poses a major threat to the health of residents in the mining area.