冬季主井进风流反向理论分析及防控方法

Advanced control method and theoretical analysis on reversed airflow of mine main shaft in winter

针对我国煤矿冬季进风主井容易出现风流反向且难于及时预防、控制的问题,从理论上分析了自然风压对主井风流状态的影响,并结合矿井实例,通过对进风井之间自然风压的测定分析,探讨了冬季主井风流反向的原因,同时研究了解决该问题的防控方法。研究结果表明:冬季进风主井出现风流反向现象,主要是由于在矿区气温降低条件下,热源分布不均衡的进风井之间可形成逐渐增加的平均风流温度差,进而产生了阻碍主井进风且不断积累的自然风压。提出了实时监测进风井的风流温度、风速,并及时调节其供暖热风量的方法。该方法能够迅速减小进风回路中的风流温差,并可在1 h内使主井风流状态恢复正常,从而实现了对主井风流反向现象的快捷、有效防控。

According to the readily occurrence of airflow reversal in winter which was difficult to prevent and control in main intake shaft of coal mines in China,the effect of natural wind pressure on airflow status in main shaft was analyzed theoretically. In combination with the mine case,the causes of airflow reversal occurred in main shaft in winter were discussed by measuring and analyzing the change of natural wind pressure between intake shafts,and the advance control method of this phenomenon was also researched. The results showed that with the decreasing of atmospheric environment temperature,the average temperature difference between intake shafts with different heat source distribution was increased gradually,which resulted in the accumulation of natural wind pressure and further caused the airflow reversal in main shaft in winter. The method of monitoring intake shafts＇ air temperature and wind speed in real time and regulating the volume of hot air for heating intake shafts was put forward. This method was easy and feasible,and could decrease the airflow temperature difference between intake shafts and make the main shaft＇s airflow state changed in one hour. Using this method,the main shaft＇s airflow reversal could be prevented and controlled conveniently and effectively.