煤中铀及其在燃烧过程中的迁移行为研究进展

Research progress of uranium in coal and its migration behavior during coal combustion

为了研究煤中铀、灰中铀在煤燃烧过程中的赋存形态,以减少煤炭利用过程中所释放出的放射性物质铀对环境造成的危害,对煤中铀及灰中铀的含量、分布特征、赋存形态、浸取特性,以及铀在煤燃烧过程中的富集规律和环境效应等方面的研究成果进行了归纳和总结,并对相关数据进行整理和分析。结果表明:我国煤中铀的含量整体接近于世界平均水平,且主要以有机质结合形式存在(部分煤中有机态铀含量高达70%90%),铀在煤燃烧过程中主要富集于细颗粒飞灰表面。最后对煤燃烧过程中铀的迁移规律和转化机理进行了初步探讨,并提出了今后有关煤中铀的研究方向与重点。

In order to study the occurrence of uranium in coal and ash,and to reduce the release of radioactive material during the process of coal utilization,the research situation of uranium in coal has been reviewed in this paper,which including the contents,distribution,mode of occurrence,and leaching characteristics of uranium in coal and ash,as well as enrichment characteristics during coal combustion and the environmental effects are detailed. The results show that uranium concentration in Chinese coal in overall close to the world average,and mainly in organic matters（ even as high as 70%90% in some samples）.Uranium usually enriched in fine particles of fly ash during coal combustion.Finally,the migration and transformation mechanism of uranium during coal combustion is discussed in this paper,and put forwards reserch orientation and emphasis.