伊/蒙混层粘土半干法盐酸活化制备活性白土

Preparation of Activated Clay by Semidry Method using Mixed-layer Illite/Smectite Clay

采用半干法盐酸活化工艺对伊/蒙混层粘土(I/S)进行活化改性。考察了盐酸浓度、盐酸用量、熟化温度对改性效果的影响,对活化改性工艺进行了优化,并考察了试验制备的活性白土与市售膨润土基活性白土混合使用的效果。结果表明:在盐酸浓度为6%、盐酸用量为粘土质量的30%、盐酸喷雾加料、熟化温度为40℃、熟化时间24 h的条件下,产品活性度(H)达到96.5H+mmol·kg-1,沥青灯油脱色率(Ra)和菜籽油脱色率(Rr)分别为90.7%和65.2%。XRD分析表明经盐酸活化后,粘土层间距增大,杂质被去除,孔道被疏通。当试验制备的活性白土占混合白土质量的60%以下时,混合白土H>120H+mmol·kg-1、Ra>95%、Rr>80%,与市售活性白土混合使用可降低油脂脱色精炼成本。

In order to fully utilize illite / smectite interstratified clay( I / S) resources,and reduce production cost and energy consumption,the semidry method for hydrochloric acid activation of I / S has been developed. The effects of hydrochloric acid concentration,hydrochloric acid amount,and curing temperature on modification process were studied. The optimization of modification process was completed. Furthermore,the performance of mixture of prepared activated clay and purchased bentonite base activated clay were also investigated. The process conditions were shown as follows:hydrochloric acid concentration of 6%,hydrochloric acid amount of 30%,curing temperature of 40℃,curing time of 24 h and hydrochloric acid spray charging into the clay. The results showed that the activity( H),decolorization ratios of asphalt- lamp kerosene solution( Ra) and rapeseed oil( Rr) of prepared activated clay were 96. 5H+mmol·kg- 1,90. 7% and 65. 2%,respectively. X-ray diffraction( XRD) images showed that the layer spacing of clay increased,indicating that the impurities were removed and the porous channels were dredged. When the amount of prepared activated clay≤60% accounted for the total amount of the mixed activated clay,the quality of the mixed activated clay was very good,of which H > 120H+mmol ·kg- 1,Ra > 95% and Rr > 80%. It also found out that using the mixed activated clay could reduce the oil and fat refining cost.