内蒙古草原某铜钼矿区土壤重金属污染潜在生态危害评价

Evaluation on Potential Ecological Risk of Heavy Metals in Soils of Copper-Molybdenum Mine Region in Inner Mongolia

对土壤中重金属污染进行潜在生态危害评价，是监控土壤环境质量和预防土壤污染的前提与基础。该工作对位于内蒙古草原的某新建大型铜钼矿区土壤重金属空间分布特征进行研究，并采用Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法对铜钼矿区土壤8种重金属（Cd、Cr、Cu、As、Hg、Ni、Pb和Mo）的潜在生态危害进行评价。结果表明，单一重金属元素和多种重金属元素的潜在生态危害平均值均为轻。多种重金属潜在危害中等的土壤占样品总数的四分之一以上，所占面积是总面积的21．41％，土壤重金属污染危害程度中等的区域主要是厂区及周边2～4km范围，与矿业活动布局一致。

Evaluation on potential ecological risk of heavy metals is premise of soil environmental quality monitoring and prevention of soil pollution. The spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals in a copper- molybdenum mine region soils were studied,and the potential ecological risk of Cd,Cr,Cu,As,Hg,Ni,Pb and Mo was evaluated by Hakanson's potential ecological risk index method. The results showed that both single and multi- heavy metals potential ecological risks were slight. The soil samples with middle multi- heavy metals potential ecological risk account for more than a quarter,with an influence area up to 21. 41%. Area around the factory and inside was the middle multi- heavy metals potential ecological risk district. This spatial distribution is consistent with the mining and processing layout.