花绒寄甲雌性生殖系统的解剖结构

Female reproductive system of Dastarcus helophoroides(Fairmaire)(Coleoptera:Bothrideridae)

[目的] 揭示花绒寄甲（Dastarcus helophoroides（Fairmaire））雌性生殖系统解剖结构在生殖过程中的变化规律及其与产卵量的关系,为从分子水平研究其生殖衰老过程提供形态学依据。[方法] 利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜,解剖观察了独立饲养1～12年龄组的花绒寄甲雌成虫生殖系统,同时比较了各年龄组的产卵量。[结果] 花绒寄甲雌性生殖系统由卵巢、侧输卵管、中输卵管、受精囊、受精囊腺、囊状膨大的生殖附腺和外生殖器构成;每个卵巢萼部有萼头11个,每萼头连接6或8根卵巢管,整个卵巢平均有卵巢管约70根;卵巢管的结构从端部至基部可分为端丝、原卵区、生殖区和卵巢管柄;随雌成虫存活年份的增加,卵巢管原卵区长度和直径有缩短现象,部分卵巢管出现蚀空性病变（无内含物,只有管壁）,日产卵量自羽化后第4年明显下降。[结论] 花绒寄甲雌性生殖系统具有囊状膨大的生殖附腺,随成活年份的增加产卵量的衰减与卵巢管的衰老有关,人工大量繁育时自第4年开始应及时淘汰和更新种群。

[Objective]The changes in female reproductive system of Dastarcus helophoroides（Faimaire）during reproductive process and the relationship with egg production were investigated.[Method]Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe the reproductive system and egg production of female adults of Dastarcus helophoroides at different ages.[Result]The reproductive system of female Dastarcus helophoroides consisted of one pair of ovaries,apair of lateral oviducts,a median oviduct,a spermatheca,an enlarged accessory glands,and ovipositor.Each ovary had 11 calyx head and each calyx head was connected to 6or 8ovarioles,with a total of about 70 ovarioles.The individual ovariole consisted of four parts including terminal filament,germarium,vitellarium,and pedicel.The germarium length and diameter decreased with increase of age.Some ovarioles even dropped and the daily egg production decreased significantly since the fourth year after emergence.[Conclusion]The reproductive system of female Dastarcus helophoroides had enlarged accessory glands and the egg production decreased with the senescence of ovarioles.Population should be eliminated and updated since the fourth year under the condition of artificial breeding.