野生大豆(Glycine soja)抗斜纹夜蛾资源鉴定

Identification of soybean resistance to common cutworm(Prodenia litura)in Glycine soja

近年来斜纹夜蛾已发展为影响大豆生产的世界性虫害。对大豆抗斜纹夜蛾种质资源进行鉴定是开展抗虫育种的基础。野生大豆是栽培大豆祖先种,遗传多样性远远超过栽培大豆,从野生种质中发掘斜纹夜蛾抗性资源可以拓宽抗虫育种遗传基础。采用室内喂养斜纹夜蛾幼虫的方法,以幼虫重和蛹重为指标,鉴定了35份野生大豆和20份栽培大豆对斜纹夜蛾的抗性。结果显示:不同种质饲喂下,幼虫重、蛹重和幼虫历期在种质间差异极显著,遗传变异幅度较大,幼虫重和蛹重极显著相关。采用标准品种分级法对抗性鉴定结果进行划分,从55份供试资源中筛选出6份高抗种质,均来自野生大豆;5份高感材料,1份来自野生大豆。本研究为大豆抗斜纹夜蛾育种提供了原始材料,同时有助于大豆抗虫遗传研究与新基因发现。

Common cutworm（CCW）has become one of main pests for soybean throughout the world.The resistant germplasm screening is the foundation for insect resistance breeding.Wild soybean is the original ancestor of the cultivated soybean,and its genetic diversity far exceeds that of the cultivated soybean.The utility of resistant gene in wild soybean is favorable to broaden the genetic background for breeding.Thirty-five wild soybean accessions and 20 cultivated soybean accessions were identified for their resistance to CCWs.The results showed that the larval weight,pupal weight and duration of larval stage were all significantly different among high resistant and high susceptible materials,and moreover larval weight is positively related to pupal weight.According to standard-variety grade system,six accessions identified to be highly resistant to CCWs were all from wild soybean;Among five accessions highly susceptible to CCWs,only one was from wild soybean.Our study will supply original breeding material for soybean resistance breeding to CCWs and also be helpful for inheritance research and novel resistance genes＇ discovery.