部分现代生活方式对上海市3～6岁幼儿园儿童体质健康的影响

Influence of part of new life style on 3～6 years old children's physical fitness in kindergarten of Shanghai

目的通过大样本横断面研究,初步探讨部分现代生活方式对幼儿体质健康的影响及其二者的关系。方法在2010年国民体质监测幼儿库中,选取上海市18个县区共7 643名3~6岁学龄前幼儿为调查对象,选取出生后四个月内喂养方式、在家看护人、日睡眠情况、是否参加体育文艺特长班、父亲、母亲是否体育锻炼为7个自变量,幼儿综合体质健康评价作为因变量。采用二分类logistic回归进行分析。结果上海市3~6岁学龄前幼儿综合评级中总体合格率为94%,优秀和良好才达到42.95%。是否参加体育/文艺特长班（P=0.004）、日睡眠分类（P=0.009）、每日动态体力活动时间（P=0.040）三个变量对幼儿体质健康存在显著性影响。结论上海市3~6岁学龄前幼儿综合评级总体合格率虽然较高,但＂高质量＂的体质比例不多,并呈现出＂女强男弱＂的体质趋势;可从提高体力活动量和日睡眠时间两方面来提高幼儿体质。

Objective To explore the impact of modern life style on the physical fitness of preschool children and the relationship between them. Methods Based on 2010 China National Health Survey in Shanghai,a total of 7 643 preschool children aged 3to 6years old from l8 districts were sampled.The feeding practice in the postnatal 4months,the main caregivers at home,daily sleep,whether to participation in sports and art classes,father and mother to do physical exercises or not,7independent variables were selected as the indicators of modern life style.Preschool children＇s physical fitness evaluation was the dependent variable.The data were analyzed binary Logistic regression analysis. Results It was found that three variables exerted a significant influence on the physical fitness of the preschool children,that was,participation in sports and art classes（P=0.004）,daily sleep classification（P=0.009）and daily dynamic physical activity time（P=0.040）. Conclusions It has a high qualified percentage about the preschool＇s physical fitness,but has lower percentage of the high physical fitness quality.The physical fitness shows the trend that strong in girls and weak in boys.It can be two ways to intervene the physical fitnes：daily sleep time and participation in physical activity.