基于“采-充-留”技术的岩层控制效果和机理研究

Principle and Rock Strata Control Effect Based on Mining Mixed with Backfilling and Keeping

为进一步研究"采-充-留"协调开采对岩层破坏的控制作用,以开滦某矿中厚倾斜煤层9煤和12煤为研究对象,基于相似材料模型试验,针对协调式跳采全采技术和"采-充-留"协调开采技术对地表的移动变形和覆岩控制效果和机理进行了研究。结果表明,9煤采用协调式跳采全采技术开采,地表下沉系数为0.64。在9煤开采的基础上,采用"采-充-留"协调式开采技术回采12煤,地表下沉系数仅为0.16。全采后岩层裂缝带法向发育高度是采厚的32.1倍,而"采-充-留"协调开采后岩层裂缝带法向高度是采厚的6.3倍,说明了充填体与煤柱形成的联合支撑体能够有效地抑制上覆岩层的垮落,阻隔了两侧采空区的联通,对上覆岩层移动起到良好的控制作用,达到了减小地表移动变形和岩层破坏的目的。

In order to study control effect of mining coordinately mixed with backfill mining and setting pillars to rock strata broken fu-ture, it taking inclined medium-thickness coal seam ( No.9 coal seam and No.12 coal seam) of a coal mine in Kailuan as an exam-ple, based on similarly material model experiment, surface movement and deformation, overlying strata control effect and principle of coordinated skip fully mining technology and caved mining coordinately mixed with backfill mining methods were studied.The results showed that when coordinated skip fully mining technology was applied in No.9 coal seam, surface subsidence coefficient was 0.64, but when caved mining coordinately mixed with backfill mining method was applied in No.12 coal seam, surface subsidence coefficient was only 0.16.rock strata fracture zone height that developed along normal direction was 32.1 times than mining thickness with fully mining, but rock strata fracture zone height that developed along normal direction was 6.3 times than mining thickness caved mining coordinately mixed with backfill mining.It illustrated overlying strata falling could be restrained by combination supporting body that formed by backfill body and coal pillar.Both sides of goaf zones would not be linked up and overlying rock strata could control effec-tively, surface movement and deformation, rock strata broken could be reduced obliviously.