患儿支原体肺炎与衣原体肺炎的临床特征分析

Clinical characteristics of mycoplasmal and chlamydial pneumonia in infancy

目的分析6月龄内婴儿支原体肺炎及衣原体肺炎的临床特征,为临床指导治疗提供参考依据。方法收集2014年4月-2015年3月〈6月龄的住院肺炎患儿共770例,对其中检测出的肺炎支原体（Mp）、肺炎衣原体（Cp）、沙眼衣原体（Ct）、解脲脲支原体（Uu）感染的患儿247例的临床资料进行回顾性分析,数据采用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析。结果共770例〈6月龄的住院肺炎患儿,检出IgG或IgM或核酸阳性247例,阳性率32.1%,确诊IgM或核酸阳性138例,阳性率17.9%,以1-5月份及8、12月份相对较高,年龄以1-3月龄婴儿多见;Mp、Cp、Ct、Uu检出阳性率分别为10.6%、20.5%、5.2%、6.8%,其中混合阳性率分别为9.5%和4.3%。结论 6月龄内婴儿肺炎Cp、Mp、Ct、Uu感染率较高,且常伴有混合感染,临床常表现为症状轻体征重,伴喘息、气促,红霉素、阿奇霉素疗效较好。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical characteristics of mycoplasmal and chlamydial pneumonia in infants aged 0to 6months so as to provide guidance for the clinical treatment.METHODS Totally 770 infants aged 0to 6months with diagnosis of pneumonia between Apr.2014 and Mar.2015 were included in this study.The clinical information was collected and retrospectively analyzed on 247 cases who were detected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae（Mp）,Chlamydia pneumoniae（Cp）,Chlamydia trachomatis（Ct）or Ureaplasma urealyticum（Uu）.Data were statistically analyzed by software SPSS 17.0.RESULTS From 770 cases of infantile pneumonia aged 0to6 months,247cases（32.1%）were positive by IgG or IgM analysis,and 138cases（17.9%）were confirmed as positive by IgM or nuclear acid analysis.The peak time of infection was January to May,August and December.The peak age was 1to 3months.The positive rates for the four kinds of pathogens（Mp,Cp,Ct,Uu）were 10.6%,20.5%,5.2%,and 6.8% respectively.The mixed positive rates were 9.5% and 4.3%.CONCLUSIONIn infants aged 0to 6months old,the prevalence of infections induced by Mp,Cp,Ct and Uu is very high,and infections of mixed pathogens are common.The clinical manifestations are usually mild symptoms with evident physical signs including gasping and polypnea.Patients generally respond well to azithromycin and erythromycin.