恶性肿瘤与静脉血栓栓塞症

Malignant neoplasms and venous thromboembolism

静脉血栓栓塞症是恶性肿瘤的主要并发症之一,也是恶性肿瘤患者死亡的主要原因,在肿瘤患者中的发病率呈增加趋势。肿瘤患者存在多个静脉血栓栓塞症的高危因素,但有效的预防和治疗可以降低发病率和病死率,现就恶性肿瘤合并静脉血栓栓塞症的病理生理机制、危险因素评估、预防和治疗做一综述。

Venous thromboembolism（VTE）is a major complication of malignant neoplasms,and is one of the leading causes of death in patients with malignant neoplasms.The incidence of VTE in this particular population is widely increasing.Several risk factors for developing venous thrombosis usually coexist in malignant neoplasms patients.Effective prophylaxis and treatment of VTE would reduce morbidity and mortality,and improve quality of life.This review will focus on the pathophysiology,risk factors,and as well as discuss the prevention and management regimens of VTE in malignant neoplasms.