镉在企鹅珍珠贝组织器官中的分布及其存在形态研究

Distribution and speciation studies of cadmium in the Pteria penguin tissues and organs

为研究企鹅珍珠贝组织器官中镉的分布及形态,实验采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法和凝胶层析技术分析了镉在贝体不同组织器官中的分布、存在形态和相对分子质量分布。结果表明,企鹅珍珠贝各组织器官中镉的含量分别为:全脏器2.33 mg/kg,外套膜2.50 mg/kg,闭壳肌2.40 mg/kg,内脏团2.38 mg/kg,斧足2.24 mg/kg,鳃1.42 mg/kg。全贝中83.3%的镉蓄积在企鹅珍珠贝的内脏团、闭壳肌和外套膜中。企鹅珍珠贝各组织器官中只有不到40%的镉以可溶性蛋白结合态的形式存在。各组织器官的可溶性热稳定蛋白经Sephadex G-50凝胶过滤柱层析分离后,均得到相对分子质量>26000 u和<16000 u的两个蛋白质的紫外吸收峰。内脏团、外套膜和腮中的镉在两种分子质量段的蛋白质中均有分布;闭壳肌中少量镉与大分子蛋白质结合,其余近90%的镉分布在非蛋白组分中;斧足中镉几乎完全与大分子蛋白质结合。研究表明,镉在企鹅珍珠贝组织器官中的分布及形态存在差异性。

The distribution,speciation and molecular weight distribution of cadmium（Cd） in the Pteria penguin tissues and organs were studied by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry and gel filtration chromatography technology. The results showed that the contents of Cd in the various tissues and organs of the Pteria penguin were 2.33 mg/kg the whole viscera,2.50 mg/kg mantle,2.40 mg/kg adductor muscle,2.38 mg/kg visceral mass,2.24 mg/kg foot,1.42 mg/kg gill. 83.3% of the full shell Cd accumulation in visceral mass,adductor muscle and mantle in Pteria penguin. Less than 40% of the Cd in different tissues and organs of the Pteria penguin bound in the form of water soluble protein. Two ultraviolet absorption peaks of proteins,which had a relative molecular weight of more than 26000 u and less than 16000 u,were got after the isolation of soluble thermally stable protein of water soluble protein from every organ by Sephadex G-50 gel filtration column chromatography. The Cd in visceral mass,mantle and gill were distributed in two molecular weight proteins. About 90% Cd in adductor was distributed in nonprotein compounds while a small quantity of it was combined with proteins of high molecular weight. Nearly all the Cd of soluble thermally stable protein in foot were combined with proteins of high molecular weight. This research revealed that distribution and molecular weight distribution of Cd in the Pteria penguin tissues and organs differences.