天麻的活性成分及功能性研究进展

Research on the active constituents and functional properties of Gastrodia elata

天麻是生长于海拔1200~1800 m的林下阴湿、腐殖质较厚的土壤兰科天麻属植物,是我国传统的中药材。天麻中有天麻素、天麻多糖、蛋白质、多种氨基酸、维生素A以及铬、锰、铁、钴镍、铜、锡等微量元素,具有镇静催眠、抗抑郁、抗癫痫、降血压、抗血栓、抗衰老、抗氧化以及改善学习记忆和微循环的作用。本文综述了天麻的各类活性物质以及活性成分的功能作用,并对对天麻未来的研究方向及应用前景予以展望。

Gastrodia elata was growth in altitude 1200~1800 m forest damp,humus thick local orchid gastrodia elata plants of the genus,is a traditional Chinese medicine. There was a number of elements in the gastrodia elata,such as protein,vitamin A,chromium,manganese,iron,cobalt,nickel,copper and tin. It impacts on sedation and hypnosis,anti-depression,anti-epilepsy,blood pressure,anti-thrombosis,anti-aging,anti-oxidation and the improvement of learning and memory and microcirculation. The function of various active substances and active components in the research of the future research directions and application prospects of the research were summarized in this article.