中国18岁以下双生子出生体重与超重／肥胖的关联分析

A co-twin control study on birth weight, overweight and obesity among children younger than 18 years old in China

目的 分析出生体重与儿童时期超重/肥胖间的关联。方法 使用中国双生子登记系统基线调查的〈18岁双生子人群（共8267对）,采用双生子对内对照设计方法,探索出生体重与儿童青少年时期BMI及超重/肥胖之间的关联。结果 调整性别和卵型的影响后,出生体重每增加0.5 kg,超重/肥胖的风险：幼儿及学龄前期（≥ 2且〈6岁）儿童增加0.87倍,学龄期（≥ 6且〈12岁）儿童增加0.69倍,青春期（≥ 12且〈18岁）青少年增加0.28倍。结论 双生子出生体重与幼儿及学龄期超重/肥胖存在正向关联,但在指导实施公共卫生干预措施时仍需谨慎。

Objective To analyze the associations between birth weight and overweight/obesity among children. Methods A total of 8267 twin pairs younger than 18 years old from the Chinese National Twin Registry were included in the study. Associations between birth weight, childhood BMI and overweight/obesity were explored by this co-twin control study. Results After adjusting for sex and zygosity, when birth weight had an increase of 0.5 kg per fold, the OR values for overweight and obesity were 1.87（95%CI：1.40-2.48） for 2-6 year olds, 1.69（95%CI：1.16-2.46） for 6-12 year olds and 1.28（95%CI：0.80-2.07） for 12-18 year olds. Results from the stratified analysis in the 2-6 year-olds, statistically significant differences were seen. When birth weight increased 0.5 kg per fold, the risk of overweight and obesity increased by 0.87 times among the dizygotic twins, more than that of the monozygotic twins（OR=1.86, 95%CI：1.24-2.81）. The risk for male twins was 1.12 times higher than that of female twins（OR=1.65, 95%CI：1.11-2.44）. Conclusions Birth weight seemed associated with overweight and obesity for kids at early childhood or at age for schools. However, guidance on the implementation of public health interventions is still needed on these children.