精准医疗：分子流行病学的机遇与挑战

Precision medicine： new opportunities and challenges for molecular epidemiology

自2003年人类基因组计划完成，到2015年1月美国总统奥巴马宣布启动精准医疗计划，人类初步完成基因组到生物学、生物学到健康、健康到社会的三级跳。作为新型交叉领域，精准医疗的产生和发展离不开生命科学、基础医学、临床医学、流行病学、统计学、社会学和信息学等多学科的共同支撑和促进。分子流行病学作为流行病学与分子生物学的交叉学科，被认为是促进精准医疗的核心力量。本文将基于精准医疗和分子流行病学各自的特点和研究进展，着重探讨分子流行病学对精准医疗的贡献和意义，并展望精准医疗未来可能的机遇与挑战。

Since the completion of the Human Genome Project in 2003 and the announcement of the Precision Medicine Initiative by U.S. President Barack Obama in January 2015, human beings have initially completed the ＂three steps＂ of ＂genomics to biology, genomics to health as well as genomics to society＂. As a new inter-discipline, the emergence and development of precision medicine have relied on the support and promotion from biological science, basic medicine, clinical medicine, epidemiology, statistics, sociology and information science, etc. Meanwhile, molecular epidemiology is considered to be the core power to promote precision medical as a cross discipline of epidemiology and molecular biology. This article is based on the characteristics and research progress of medicine and molecular epidemiology respectively, focusing on the contribution and significance of molecular epidemiology to precision medicine, and exploring the possible opportunities and challenges in the future.