俄罗斯人权观念的变化对其介入危机方式的影响

Change of Russian Human Right Concepts and Influences on Russian Involvement in the Crisis

人权在冷战后的发展历程中,出现了人道主义干涉、保护的责任等新概念。围绕这些概念以及人权与主权关系的激烈争论,不仅反映了各国人权观念上的差异,也不同程度地影响着各国的人权观。俄罗斯的立场和做法反映了其人权观念的变化。在主权范围内保护本国公民和外国公民的基本权利,已成为俄罗斯的重要人权观念,并在实践中不断得到落实。而保护在境外的本国公民以及他国公民的人权观念,在被俄罗斯逐步接受的同时,却也成为俄罗斯武力介入地区危机的正当理由之一。在俄格冲突、乌克兰危机和叙利亚危机中,俄罗斯在解释其武力直接介入危机的原因时,都使用了人权保护的相关概念,也反映了其人权观念的变化。俄罗斯人权观念的变化影响了其介入危机的方式,也影响了俄罗斯的对外政策和外交行为。

Since the Cold War, such new concepts as humanitarian intervention and responsibility to protect have emerged. Heated debates, regarding these concepts in addition to relations between human rights and sovereignty, not only reflect differences of each country＇s human rights concepts, but also affect each country＇s human rights views to different degrees. It has become Russia＇s important concept of human rights to protect the basic rights of citizens at home and abroad within its sovereignty and to continuously put it into practice accordingly. Meanwhile, when Russia gradually accepts the concept of protecting human rights of Russian and foreign citizens outside Russian territory,this has also become one of the legitimate causes for Russian military involvement in regional crisis. During the Russia-Georgia conflict, the Ukraine Crisis and the Syria Crisis, when Russia explains its motives for direct military involvement in the crisis, it has employed related concepts of human fights protection, which also reflects the changes of its concept of human rights. The changes of Russian concept of human fights have affected its ways of involvement in crisis, which also affects Russian foreign policies and diplomacy.