基于Halbach阵列的多方向多模态动能采集器设计

Design of multi-direction and multi-mode vibration energy harvester based on Halbach array

为了使振动能量采集器适应外界振动环境的宽频带、方向随机特性,设计了一套基于Halbach永磁阵列的多方向多模态动能采集器。首先,建立了采集器的立方体-球状物理模型并分析了该模型的动力学特性。接着,设计出采集器的基本结构,重点对弹性梁的设计进行了具体分析,再利用有限元软件对设计出的结构进行动力学分析。同时,在结构设计的基础上,提出了基于Halbach永磁阵列的换能结构,将该阵列与一般的顺次永磁阵列进行比较分析。最后,搭建了实验系统平台,测试出采集器在不同输入激励下的输出电压。实验结果表明,采集器在不同激励方向可以达到对应的振动模态,并且均能产生有效的输出电压。因此,该采集器具有多方向多模态采集特性。

In order to adapt to the property of wide frequency band and random direction of natural vibration, a multi-direction and multi-mode vibration energy harvester based on Halbach array was designed. First, a physical model with cube-ball shape was established and its dynamic characteristics were analyzed theoretically. Second, the specific structure of the vibration energy harvester was designed and especially the structure of its elastic beam analyzed. Then, the dynamic characteristics were analyzed by ANSYS. At the same time, the energy transducer based on Halbach array was proposed and its superiority analyzed and compared with permanent magnet array in proper sequence. Third, an experiment system was set up and the corresponding output voltage generated by excitation with different directions in different modes was tested. Experiment results show that the energy harvester could achieve the corresponding vibration modes with different excitation in different directions and produce a valid output voltage, exhbiting the multi-direction and multi-mode characteristic of the vibration energy harvester.