在押服刑人员未成年子女救助体系的构建与完善

Construction and Improvement of Assistance System for Minor Children of Custody Inmates

据推算,至2015年底,我国监狱服刑人员总数170万,加之审前羁押的犯罪嫌疑人和判决生效后未及时交付执行处于羁押状态的犯罪人,我国在押服刑人员总数已近200万人。根据在押人员育有子女的比例推算,保守估计我国在押服刑人员未成年子女早已超过百万。面对如此庞大的相对弱势群体,国家和社会加强援助应当刻不容缓,然而法律法规不尽完善、救助主体过于单一、救助模式简单粗放、救助观念因循守旧等原因在很大程度上阻碍了救助工作的开展。因此,我国应当依据宪法、参照国际条约、尽快完善法律法规,积极转变救助理念,大胆拓展救助主体,并争取尽早确立救助主体多元化、以政府集中救助为主导、民间集中救助为补充、大力培育家庭寄养的多元化救助体系。

By the end of 2015,there were 1. 7 million prisoners in China. If combined with the suspect of pretrial detention and the criminal who failed to delivery to perform after judgment coming into force,the number of custody inmates has increased into 2 million. Meanwhile according to the estimation,the number of minor children of custody inmates has exceeded millions. Such a big vulnerable group urgently needs to be protected by the state as well as the society. However,the protection has been seriously restricted by the disadvantages not only in regulations and salvation provider,but also in salvation modes and philosophy. Under this background,it is necessary for the state to achieve some improvements both in constitutional law and legal system with reference to international conventions. Besides, reforming salvation philosophy and extending the scope of salvation providers are also essential for building up diversified salvation modes,which include government centralizing,civilian force assisting and family fostering pattern.