抑癌基因PTEN与甲状腺肿瘤的相关研究进展

Advances in The Study of The Tumor Suppressor PTEN and Thyroid Tumor

目的归纳分析当前抑癌基因PTEN与甲状腺肿瘤的相关研究,深化对甲状腺肿瘤发生及发展机理的认识。方法通过检索国内外文献获取近年来与PTEN基因及甲状腺肿瘤相关的文献资料并进行综述。结果PTEN基因突变、启动子甲基化等导致PTEN蛋白表达异常,可导致其下游PI3K、m TOR、FAK等多种信号分子异常激活,进而促进甲状腺良恶性肿瘤的发生及性质演进。结论 PTEN基因及其下游信号通路异常与甲状腺肿瘤的形成及病理性质恶化之间存在相关性,但目前具体机理仍未完全明确,仍有待进一步研究。

Objective To summarize and analyze the relevant studies about the tumor suppressor phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten（PTEN） and thyroid tumor then further elucidate the possible mechanism of thyroid tumor formation and progression. Mothods Domestic and international literatures investigating the correlation between PTEN and thyroid tumor were retrieved and reviewed. Results The abnormal expression of PTEN protein resulted by the mutation or methylation of PTEN gene may up-regulate the expression of its downstream effectors such as PI3 K, m TOR, FAK, etc. This probably correlate with thyroid neoplasia and progression. Conclusions Abnormalites of PTEN and its downstream signal ways may correlate with the initiation and development of thyroid tumors. However, the specific mechanism still remains unclear and need more further researches.