基于HAZOP-LOPA的水利工程空间冲突风险评价

Risk assessment of space conflict in water conservancy projects construction based on HAZOP-LOPA

为分析水利水电工程中空间冲突的解决方案及其经济性,运用危险与可操作性研究方法(HAZOP)和保护层分析方法(LOPA)对空间冲突的措施进行评价。分析水利水电工程施工特点,运用HAZOP识别水利水电施工过程中潜在的空间冲突。针对可能遇到的空间冲突列出相应的安全措施。采用LOPA对各安全措施进行评价,研究其失效概率,并通过比较采取安全措施所耗费资金与空间冲突所带来损失的金额多少,判断是否应该采取安全措施。结果表明:在发现空间冲突时立即采取措施,从降低工程成本的角度来看可能并不可取;而运用HAZOP-LOPA分析评价空间冲突安全措施的经济性之后,再决定是否采取措施,可以有效地降低工程成本。

To analyze the solution for space conflict in water conservancy projects as well as its economical efficiency,HAZOP-LOPA is applied to evaluate the measures taken for the space conflict.The HAZOP method is used to identify the potential space conflicts in the construction process of the hydropower project.Relevant safety measures are listed according to the possible space conflicts.The LOPA method is used to evaluate the various safety measures,study their failure probability,and decide whether safety measures should be taken by comparing the cost of these measures and the loss from space conflicts.The results show： in terms of reducing the cost of the project,it seems inadvisable to take measures as soon as the space conflict is found;the project cost can be reduced effectively if the economical efficiency of the safety measures taken for the space conflict is evaluated through HAZOP-LOPA before action.