初次单采献血者发生献血不良反应的时间特征分析

Analysis of the characteristics associated with the occurrence of adverse events in first-time donors

目的探讨初次单采献血者在献血过程中发生献血不良反应的时间特征。方法对近年本中心用MCS+单采分离机采集的505名发生献血不良反应的献血者进行回顾性分析,评估286名初次献血者在采集第1循环、第2循环、第3循环、第4循环及以后的时间段发生献血不良反应的情况,同时与219名多次献血者献血不良反应的发生时间进行对比。结果在初次献血组第1循环和第2循环不良反应发生率38.5%(110/286)和27.3%(78/286)显著高于多次献血组13.7%(30/219)、11.9%(26/219)(P<0.01);第3循环献血不良反应发生率在2组无显著差异(P>0.05);多次献血组在第4循环以后不良反应发生率56.2%(123/219)显著高于初次献血组18.2%(52/286)(P<0.01)。结论初次单采献血者的献血不良反应多发生在采集初期。因此,对初次单采献血者在采集初期应该重点关注并进行心理护理,以降低献血不良反应的发生。

Objective To investigate the characteristics associated with the occurrence of adverse reaction in first-time apheresis donors during blood donation. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 505 platelet do- nors. The time of the occurrence of adverse events was evaluated in 286 first-time apheresis donors and 219 repeat donors. Results The incidence of adverse reaction in the first and second cycle were significantly more frequent in first-time aphere- sis donors group than repeat group （38. 5% vs 13.8%, respectively, 27.3% vs 11.9% , respectively ; P 〈 0. 001 ）. The in-cidence of adverse reaction in the third cycle did not show a significant difference between two groups. The incidence of adverse events after the fourth, cycle was significantly more fre- quent in repeat group group than first-tlme apheresis donors donors （55. 2% vs 18.2%, respectively; P 〈0. 01 ）. Conclu- sion The incidence of adverse events is more frequent at early stage of blood donation for first-time apheresis donors. There- fore, first-time apheresis donors were closely monitored and cared by collection staff at early stage of blood donation, so as to decrease the occurrence of adverse events.