苏北地区玉米生产存在的问题及技术创新思路

Existing Problems and Technical Innovation for Maize Production in North Jiangsu

玉米是苏北地区第三大粮食作物,近年来,随着高产创建活动的开展,种植面积和单产水平不断提高。该研究以连云港市为例,分析了当前苏北地区玉米生产中存在的主要问题,主要是品种更新慢,种植密度偏低,机械化程度不高,基础设施较差,肥料施用不合理,极端气候对生产影响大,病虫害较重,收获偏早。提出了优化品种结构、明确主推技术、普及常规高产栽培技术、制定抗灾减灾预案、开展高产增效创建活动、适当推迟收获等玉米高产技术措施和工作思路,并对下一阶段玉米生产注意事项和研究重点进行了展望。

Maize is the third largest food crop in North Jiangsu. In recent years, with the development of high yield activities, planting area and yield was increasing. With Lianyungang City as an example, existing problems in maize production were analyzed, including slowly updating of varieties, low planting density, low mechanization degree, poor infrastructure, unreasonable fertilizer application, significant impacts of extreme climate on production, serious plant diseases and insect pests, early harvesting. Several measures for increasing maize yield were put forward, such as optimizing varieties structure, clearing main technologies, popularizing conventional high yield cultivation techniques, formulating disaster mitigation plan, carrying out activities to create high efficiency, properly delaying harvest period, notes in the next stage of maize production and research focus were forecasted.