我国知青人力资本回报研究——基于分位数回归的实证分析

The Human Capital Returns to ZHIQING——-Empirical Analysis Based on Quantile Regresion

上山下乡运动类似于一场社会大实验,知青则是在这一特殊历史背景下产生的,本文从分位数回归视角对其人力资本回报进行了探究。数据表明,知青在工作中并不具有人力资本、工作特征等优势,但基准OLS估计表明,知青的教育回报率和工作经验回报率普遍高于非知青组。具体在不同分位数上,各分位数的教育回报率中非知青群体最高,知青次之,"老三届"知青组最低。两种结果的差异可能是由知青、"老三届"知青的教育回报率呈现"U形"趋势所导致的,即回报率随着分位数的提高先减小后增大。

Up to the mountain and down to the country is similar to a social experiment, under this historical background, the educated generation was called Zhi Qing, this paper focuses on their human capital return from the perspective of quantile regression. Data shows that Zhi Qing don＇t have advantages on their human capital and work characteristics. OLS model indicates that human capital return to Zhi Qing is higher. But QR model indicates that education returns is lower for Zhi Qing, and is lowest for the ＂Lao San Jie＂ Zhi Qing. The difference is because their education returns showed a trend like ＂U＂, as the quantile goes up, the return rate firstly decrease and then increase.