2008—2014年济南市布鲁菌病患者血清学检测结果分析

Analysis on results of serological detection of brucellosis patients in Ji＇nan City from 2008 to 2014

目的了解济南市布鲁菌病（简称布病）流行特征及疫情动态，为进一步做好布病预防控制工作提供科学依据。方法对2008—2014年济南市各县（市、区）疾病预防控制中心送检的疑似布病患者血清标本．采用虎红平板凝集试验进行筛查，筛查阳性标本采用试管凝集试验进行确证检测，并收集标本来源资料（性别、年龄、居住地、标本采集时间等），对血清检测结果进行流行病学特征统计分析。结果共检测疑似布病患者血清标本2713份，其中抗体阳性200份。①时间分布：血清抗体阳性标本全年各月份均有检出，但有明显的季节分布特征，主要集中在3—9月份（82．07％，151／184）。②人群分布：血清抗体阳性标本中男性（n=135）多于女性（n=65），男女性别比为2．08：1．00；15～75岁年龄段均有检出，主要集中在30～65岁（67．00％，134／200）。③地区分布：除槐荫区疑似布病患者血清标本未检出阳性外，济南市所辖其他10个县（市、区）均有检出，主要集中在商河、章丘、长清、市中和历城，占阳性血清标本总数的92．50％（185／200）。结论济南市布病疫情形势严峻，以春夏秋季发病为主。应当加强健康宣传教育工作，提高接触人群的自我防护意识，做好健康检查．力争早发现、早报告、早治疗，同时要和畜牧部门携手联合共同做好这项工作。

Objective By analyzing the epidemiological characteristics and trends of brucellosis in Ji＇nan City, to provide a scientific basis for further prevention and control of the disease. Methods Serum samples of suspected brucellosis patients were collected from every county （city, district） of Ji＇nan City from 2008 to 2014, and these samples were screened by Rose-bengal plate agglutination test （RBPT）. Then positive samples were confirmed by Standard tube agglutination test （SAT）, and experimental data and results were analyzed by statistics. Results Totally 2 713 serum samples of suspected brucellosis patients were tested, and 200 were positive by SAT. Temporal distribution： the serum antibody positive specimens were detected each month throughout the year, and the results showed clear seasonal prevalence by concentrating from March to September （82.07%, 151/184）. Population distribution： the serum antibody positive rate of males was higher than that of females, the ratio was 2.08 ： 1.00, and the cases were found among 15 to 75 years old, while concentrated from 30 to 65 （67.00%, 134/200）. Spatial distribution： except Huaiyin District, positive samples were detected in all other 10 counties （cities, districts） of Ji＇nan City, most of them （92.5%, 185/200） in Shanghe, Zhangqiu, Changqing, Shizhong and Licheng counties （cities, districts）. Conclusions Brucellosis epidemic in Ji＇nan is serious, and cases have occurred mostly in spring, summer and autumn. It is recommended that health propaganda and education should be strengthened in order to enhance selfprotection awareness of the exposed population, and then improve the physical examination for early discovery, early reporting and early treatment. At the same time, it is important to cooperate with the Department of Livestock to prevent and control brucellosis.