火星探测巡航段与捕获段光学自主导航方案与关键技术

Scheme and Key Technologies of Autonomous Optical Navigation for Mars Exploration in Cruise and Capture Phase

火星探测是国家深空探测重大专项的重要组成部分,无线电导航受通讯延时与天体遮挡等问题的影响,在导航精度和实时性方面存在问题。光学自主导航作为对地面无线电导航的重要辅助,是火星探测任务顺利完成的重要技术支撑。针对火星探测任务,设计了火星探测巡航段与捕获段的导航方案,并对两个阶段中光学自主导航的关键技术进行了总结与研究,为进一步利用深空天体摄影测量的理论与方法深入开展火星探测光学自主导航关键技术的研究提供参考。

Mars exploration is one of the most important major deep space exploration projects.Some problems,such as navigation accuracyandsignal real-time transmission,exist in radio navigation because of the communication latency and occlusion of celestial bodies.Autonomous optical navigation is a key technology for mars exploration and could act as an important auxiliary for radio navigation.This paper focuses on the scheme and key technologies for autonomous optical navigation in mars exploration durling the cruise and capture phase.Firstly,some concept and scheme of autonomous optical navigation have been discussed,in which the optical navigation measurement model has been introduced for defining the relationship between celestialandoptical navigation camera,and the navigation scheme for marsexploration in cruise and capture phase has been formulated too.Secondly,some key technologies focusing on navigation image processing,on-orbit calibration for optical navigation camera and optical autonomous navigation filter design have been fully presented.In further research,these key technologies could take the advantage of the theoretical basis of Deep-space Photogrammetry.