北京市地面沉降与地下水开采关系分析

Analysis of the Relationship between Groundwater Exploitation and Land Subsidence in Beijing

北京市地面沉降日趋严重,主要是由长期超量开采地下水引起,目前北京市地下水供水量已占北京市总供水量的2/3以上。本文对地面沉降与地下水资源进行了时间演变分析、空间对比分析、线性回归相关性分析,发现北京地下水开采历史的阶段性变化与地面沉降的形成、发展、扩展和快速发展吻合极好,地面沉降范围、沉降速率与地下水开采强度和储变量及地下水位的变化相关。从区域上建立了地面沉降与地下水位以及地下水储量变化之间的线性回归方程,发现具有良好的相关性,并计算出在目前条件下(一定环境下的线性区间内),地下水位每下降1m,对应的地面沉降将达到10.12mm。

Due to long-term over-exploitation of groundwater, the land subsidence is becoming more and more serious in Beijing. At present, the amount of groundwater exploitation has accounted for 2/3 of the total supplying amount. This paper used the method of time, space and linear regression to study the relationship between the land subsidence and groundwater. The results show that the history of groundwater exploitation is in good agreement with the formation, development, expansion and the development of land subsidence in Beijing area. The range and the rate of land subsidence have a good correlation with the groundwater exploitation intensity, reservoir and the change of groundwater level. The linear regression equation of land subsidence and groundwater level, groundwater reserves are established. We found that they have a good correlation. Under the present conditions（under certain circumstances）, the groundwater level decreased by 1m, and the land subsidence decreased by 10.12 mm.