根域限制对‘巨峰’葡萄转色期和成熟期树体碳氮化合物含量的影响

Effects of Root Restriction on Contents of Carbohydrates and Nitrogen Compouds in ‘Kyoho' Grapevine at Veraison and Maturation Stage

为了探讨根域限制栽培模式下‘巨峰’葡萄在转色期和成熟期树体不同部位碳、氮化合物含量变化特征,以根域限制培养的3年生‘巨峰’葡萄为试材,以传统土壤栽培方式为对照,测定转色期和成熟期不同组织器官中糖、淀粉、总氮和氨基酸含量。结果表明,在转色期和成熟期,根域限制树的新梢长度和叶面积显著低于对照,而果实中可溶性固形物含量显著高于对照。根域限制树的根、主干、新梢中总糖和淀粉含量均显著高于对照,总氨基酸含量约为对照的一半,除精氨酸外,其他氨基酸和全氮、硝态氮、铵态氮均低于对照。表明根域限制抑制了转色期和成熟期‘巨峰’葡萄的氮素吸收和同化,降低了树液中氨基酸的含量,使光合产物积累增加,从而促进了果实中糖的积累。

‘Kyoho＇ grapevine cultured under root restriction for 3 years were studied for the various character of contents of carbohydrates and nitrogen compounds with the vines cultured with traditional methods as the control. Contents of physiological indexs such as sugar,starch,total nitrogen and amino acids in different vegetative organs were investigated at veraison and harvest stage. The results showed that compared with the control,shoot length and leaf areas were reduced significantly under root restriction,whereas the soluble solids content in berry was higher than that in the control. Root restricted grapevines had the higher sugar and starch contents in the root,trunk and shoots than the control,however,the content of total amino acids under root restriction was only half of that in the control. In addition,content of the total nitrogen,NO_3---N,NH_4-＋-N and all amino acid content except arginine,were lower than that in the control. Therefore,it is suggested that the nitrogen uptake and amino acid synthesis in xylem sap were inhibited by root restriction at veraison and harvest stage,which might lead to accelerate more photosynthetic products shipped to fruits and promote the accumulation of sugar in berries.