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腰丛-坐骨神经阻滞与蛛网膜下腔阻滞用于膝关节结核手术的效果比较 被引量:2

Compared lumbar plexus combined with sciatic nerve block anesthesia to subarachnoid block anesthesia in knee joint tuberculosis surgery
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摘要 目的观察腰丛-坐骨神经阻滞与蛛网膜下腔阻滞用于膝关节结核手术的效果。方法选择我院2014年4月至2015年2月择期行膝关节结核手术的患者40例,按随机数字表法分为腰丛一坐骨神经阻滞组(A组)与蛛网膜下腔阻滞组(B组),每组20例。记录两组术中不同时间点,即阻滞前(To)、阻滞后5min(T1)、15min(T2)、30min(T3)血压变化、心率情况,感觉神经和运动神经阻滞起效和持续时间。采用SPSS11.0统计学软件进行分析,计量资料以“x±s”表示,组内各时点参数比较采用单因素方差分析,组间参数采用两独立样本t检验,计数资料采用y。检验。P〈0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果阻滞后,B组患者收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)均下降[SBP:T0为(133±14)mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa),Tl为(108±9)mmHg,T2为(113±15)ramHg,T3为(116±15)1TimHg(F=13.442,P=0.000);DBP:T1为(77±8)mmHg,T1为(68±5)mmHg,T2为(67±9)mmHg,L为(66±8)mmHg(F=8.264,P-0.000)]。阻滞后,A组患者各时间点SBP、DBP均高于B组,两组比较差异有统计学意义[A组T1时SBP为(134±20)mmHg(与B组比较,t=5.519,P=0.000),DBP为(78±10)mmHg(与B组比较,t=3.848,P=0.000);T2时SBP为(133±19)mmHg(与B组比较,t=3.701,P=0.001),DBP为(79±lO)mmHg(与B组比较,t=3.101,P=0.004);L时SBP为(130±23)mmHg(与B组比较,t=2.398,P=0.022),DBP为(80±10)mmHg(与B组比较,t=4.898,P=0.000)]。阻滞前后,两组心率(HR)比较差异均无统计学意义[A组:T。为(74±9)次/min,T1为(73±10)次/min,T2为(74±6)次/min,T3为(74±14)次/min(F=0.015,P=0.998);B组:T0为(73±9)次/min,T1为(73±9)次/min,T2为(72±5)次/rain,T3为(74±13)次/min(F=0.093,P=0.964)]。A组感觉神经阻滞起效时间慢于B组[A组平均起效时间为(14±2)min,B组为(5±2)min(t=12.802,P=0.000)];A组感觉神经阻滞持续时间长于B组,两组比较差异有统计学意义[A组平均持续时间为(523±23)rain,B组为(377±17)min(t=22.425,P=0.000)]。A组运动神经阻滞起效时间慢于B组[A组平均起效时间为(16±2)min,B组为(5±1)min(t=26.323,P=0.000)];A组运动神经阻滞持续时间长于B组,两组比较差异有统计学意义[A组平均持续时间为(410±41)rain,B组为(294±19)min(t=11.280,P=0.000)]。B组有3例恶心、呕吐,5例尿潴留;A组无不良反应,两组不良反应比较差异有统计学意义(x2=10.000,P=0.003)。结论腰丛-坐骨神经阻滞用于膝关节结核手术,与蛛网膜下腔阻滞相比,对血压、心率影响小,镇痛时间长,不良反应少。 Objective To compare lumbar plexus combined with sciatic nerve block anesthesia to subarach- noid block anesthesia in knee joint tuberculosis surgery. Methods Forty patients admitted in our hospital and un- derwent knee joint tuberculosis operation were randomly diveded into the umbar plexus combined with sciatic nerve block anesthesia group (group A, n= 20) and the subarachnoid block anesthesia group (group t3, n= 20) during Apr. 2014 to Feb. 2015. Blood pressure, heart rate, the time for Sensory nerve and motor nerve anesthesia taking effect onset and duration were recorded at the pre-block (%) and 5 rain (T1), 15 min (T2) and 30 min (Ta) after block in two groups. Using SPSS 11.0 statistical software for analysis, Measurement data recorded as mean + standard deviation (x±s). The parameters of each group at each time point were analyzed with one-way anova and parameters of groups were analyzed with independent t-test by SPSS 11.0 statistical software. Enumeration data were analyzed with Chi square test. P〈0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results After block anes- thesia, the BP including systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of patients in group B got decreased BP (SBP:T0 : (133±14) mm Hg,T1 : (108±9) mm Hg,T2 : (113±15) rnm Hg,T3 : (116±15) mm Hg, F=13. 442,P=0. 000;DBP: To : (77±8) mm Hg,T1 : (68±5) mm Hg,T2 : (67±9) mm Hg,T1: (66+_8) mm Hg, F=8. 264,P=0. 000)) ,SBP and DBP in group A were higher than those in group B (T1 :SBP: (134+-20) mm Hg, t=5. 519,P=0. 000,DBP: (78±10) mm Hg,t=3. 848,P=0. 000;T2 :SBP: (133+19) mm Hg, t=3. 701,P= 0.001,DBP: (79±10) mm Hg, t=3.10,P=0.004;Ta:SBP: (130±23) mm Hg, t=2.398,P=0. 022, DBP: (80±10) mm Hg, t = 4. 898, P= 0. 000). HR (times/min) in both groups were stable (group A: To : (74 ± 9) times/min,T1: (73±10) times/min, T1 : (74±6) times/min, T3 : (74±14) times/min, F=0. 015,P=0. 998; group B:T1 : (73±9) times/min,T1 : (73i9) times/min,T3: (72±5) times/min,T3 : (74+-13) times/mm,F=0. 093, P=0. 964). The time of sensory and motor nerve anesthesia taking effect onset in group A was slower than this in group B (sensory: group A: (14±2) min, group B: (5±2) min, t=12. 802,P=0. 000, motor: group A: (16±2) rain, group B: (5 ±1) rain, t = 26. 323, P = 0. 000), but the time of block anesthesia duration was longer time than this in group B (sensory: group A: (523±23) min, group B: (377±17) rain, t=22. 425,P=0. 000, motor group A: (410±41) min, group B: (294±19) min, t=11. 280,P=0. 000),and the complications including nausea and vomiting in 3 cases, urinary retention in 5 cases were found in group B, but non-complications were found in group A (x2 =10. 000, P=0. 003). Conclusion Lumbar plexus combined with sciatic nerve block anesthesia has more stable hemodynamics and longer time of analgesia with less postoperative complications when compared to sciatic nerve block.
出处 《中国防痨杂志》 CAS 2016年第4期287-291,共5页 Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis
关键词 结核 膝关节 麻醉 脊柱 坐骨神经 Tuberculosis Knee ioint Anesthesia, spinai Sciatic nerve
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参考文献15

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