SD大鼠面神经干局部脱髓鞘模型制作

Modeling of the facial nerve trunk local demyelination in SD rats

目的模拟面肌痉挛面神经损伤病理,制作SD大鼠面神经干局部脱髓鞘模型。方法应用定量损伤镊,对大鼠面神经颅内段主干进行局部定量损伤,制作SD大鼠面神经干局部脱髓鞘模型。通过行为学和神经电生理学检测评估面神经功能,通过病理学检测对面神经损伤程度和脱髓鞘程度进行鉴定。结果使用50 g定量损伤力时,损伤侧变性神经纤维百分数约为38.6%,损伤侧F波潜伏期(Lf)比健侧明显延迟;面神经出现明显脱髓鞘病理改变,而无面神经麻痹表现;电镜观察面神经纤维肿胀、中度脱髓鞘,并有瓦勒变性后脱落的髓鞘。结论应用定量损伤镊,在50 g定量外力作用下,可成功制作大鼠面神经干局部脱髓鞘模型。该模型能够从临床表现、组织学以及电生理学等多方面准确体现面肌痉挛的特点。该模型稳定可靠,可重复性好。

Objective By simulating the pathology of facial nerve injury for hemifacial spasm, to establish the models of the facial nerve trunk（FNT） local demyelination in SD rats. Methods The local quantitative injury was performed in the intracranial segment of the FNT in SD rats by using quantitative injury tweezers for establishing the animal model of the FNT local demyelination. The function of the facial nerve was evaluated by behavior and neuro-electrophysiological monitoring, and the never injury severity and demyelination severity were identified by pathological examination. Results When using 50 g quantitative injury force, the percentage of degenerated nerve fibers in injury side was about 38.6%, and the latency of F wave in the injury side was more significantly delayed than that in the normal side. Facial nerve was found obvious pathological change of demyelination, while there were no manifestations of facial nerve paralysis. The facial nerve fiber swelling, mild demyelination, and exfoliative myelin sheath after Wallerian degeneration were observed under electron microscope. Conclusions The model of FNT local demyelination in rats can be successfully established by using 50 g quantitative injury force. This animal model is stable, reliable and of good repeatability, which can accurately reflect the characteristics of hemifacial spasm in terms of manifestations, histopathology and electrophysiology.