贵州福泉牛蹄塘组蠕虫状化石组合的发现

Worm-Like Fossil Assemblage from Niutitang Formation of Fuquan County,Guizhou Province

贵州省福泉桅杆坪地区寒武系底部牛蹄塘组黑色页岩中以炭质印模的形式保存有大量宏观后生动物化石.化石微细特征保存较差,多属于疑难化石.该化石组合以化石个体较大的蠕虫状化石和疑似杆壁虫类化石为优势分子,还常见管状类化石、遗迹化石,以及少量的软舌螺、海绵骨针等化石碎片.该化石组合紧位于镍钼多金属层之上,与遵义等地区的松林生物群(牛蹄塘组下生物群)的层位相当,化石组成基本一致,但优势生物存在明显差异.福泉地区牛蹄塘组蠕虫状化石组合的发现,丰富了寒武系牛蹄塘组的生物群面貌,为研究早期后生动物演化提供了新资料和新信息.对该化石组合的进一步研究,也必将为这种特殊生物群的古环境恢复和埋藏学研究提供有利的古生物学证据.

A large number of macrofossils were preserved in-situ as carbonaceous compressions in black shales of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation in Weiganping area of Fuquan,Guizhou Province.The microstructure characters of these fossils are not clear.It is difficult to catalogue most fossils,which belong to some problematic fossils.The fossil assemblages mainly include worm-like fossils,rhabdopleurid-like fossils,tubular fossils and trace fossils,and a small amount of other fossils such as hyolithys,sponge spicules etc.The worm-like fossil assemblages are dominated by worm-like fossils and rhabdopleurid-like fossils,whose size is large.The fossil-bearing bed is located proximately on the nickel-molybdenum multi-metals layer.The worm-like fossil assemblage from the Niutitang Formation in Fuquan is equivalent to that of Zunyi biotas（lower biota of the Niutitang Formation）,but different in predominant groups.The discovery of the worm-like fossil assemblage in Fuquan enriches the Cambrian Niutitang biota,and provides new information and materials for the study of evolution of early metazoans.Further studies of the worm-like fossil assemblage will surely provide more favorable evidences of paleontology for the ancient environment recovery and taphonomy research.