机械力对成骨细胞增殖和分化的影响研究进展

Research progress of mechanical- force effect on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts

成骨细胞是骨形成与生长的重要细胞,负责骨基质的合成、分泌和矿化。机械力的刺激作用对成骨细胞生长、发育、修复和凋亡发挥着重要作用。体内的力学环境比较复杂,用体外给予单种力学加载的方法可有效的消除其他因素的干扰,可以通过控制加载力的方式、大小、频率、时间等来研究机械力刺激对成骨细胞增殖和分化的影响。体外加载力的方式大概包括流体剪切力(fluid shear stress,FSS)、离心力(centrifugation)、机械压力(mechanical stress)、机械张力(mechanical strain)和机械振动(mechanical vibration)等。本文通过近年来国内外有关机械力对体外培养成骨细胞增殖和分化的影响的研究进行综述。

Osteoblasts are essential cells related to bone formation and growth, responsible for the synthesis, secretion and mineralization of bone matrix. The stimulating effect of mechanical force plays an important role on the growth, development, repair and apoptosis of osteoblasts. Because the mechanical environment in vivo is complex, the application of a single mechanical loading in vitro can effectively eliminate the interference of other factors. The stimulating effect of mechanical force on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts can be studied by controlling the mode, strength, frequency and time of loading force. The modes of loading force in vitro include fluid shear stress（FSS）, centrifugation, mechanical stress, mechanical strain and mechanical vibration. This article reviewed recent studies of mechanical-force effect on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts in vitro.