产后抑郁症患者人格特质与应对方式的相关性研究

Study on correlation between personality traits and coping styles in patients with postpartum depression

目的探讨产后抑郁症患者人格特质、应对方式的特点及两者之间的关系。方法选择2013年6—12月间在本院及淄博市某三甲医院住院分娩的初产妇筛查后的产后抑郁症患者38例作为研究组,按1:1的比例选取年龄、职业相匹配的健康初产妇38例作为对照组。采用艾森克人格问卷(成年版)(Eysenck personality(adult)questionnaire,EPQ)及应付方式问卷(coping style questionnaire,CSQ)评估两组的人格特征的四个维度及应对方式的六个因子。计量资料采用独立样本t检验,相关分析采用Pearson相关分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果研究组EPQ的内-外向评分显著低于对照组[(8.07±4.12)、(9.97±3.23)分],神经质评分显著高于对照组[(13.84±4.71)、(10.18±2.25)分],对比差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。研究组的CSQ解决问题、求助两项因子的评分显著低于对照组[(0.67±0.17)、(0.76±0.13)、(0.52±0.14)、(0.63±0.16)分],而自责、逃避两项因子的评分显著高于对照组[(0.63±0.15)、(0.49±0.15)、(0.56±0.15)、(0.48±0.16)分],对比差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。研究组的内-外向与解决问题、求助呈显著正相关(r=0.334、0.412,均P<0.05),与自责、逃避呈显著负相关(r=-0.408、-0.382,均P<0.05);神经质与自责、逃避、合理化呈显著正相关(r=0.346、0.397、0.397,均P<0.05);掩饰性与合理化呈显著正相关(r=0.432,P<0.05),与逃避呈显著负相关(r=-0.489,P<0.05)。结论产后抑郁症患者的人格特质及应对方式与正常对照存在差异,人格特质与其采用消极的应对方式可能存在相关性。

Objective To explore the personality traits,coping styles and to assess the association between personality factors and copying styles in patients with postpartum depression.Methods From June to December 2013,38 patients with postpartum depression（study group） and 38 normal controls（control group） were assessed with Eysenck personality（adult） questionnaire（EPQ）,coping style questionnaire（CSQ）.Independent sample t test was used in the measurement date,correlation analysis using Pearson analysis,the level of significance was set to P〈0.05.Results Study group showed significantly lower scores on extraversion in EPQ than that in control group [（8.07±4.12）,（9.97±3.23）scores]（all P〈0.05）,the neuroticism scales were significantly higher in study group than controls [（13.84±4.71）,（10.18±2.25）scores]（all P〈0.05）.Compared with the control group,problem- solving,resort scales of CSQ were significantly lower in study group [（0.67±0.17）,（0.76±0.13）,（0.52±0.14）,（0.63±0.16）scores]（all P〈0.05）,while scales of self- blame and avoidance in study control group were significantly higher than those in control group [（0.63±0.15）,（0.49±0.15）,（0.56 ±0.15）,（0.48 ±0.16）scores ]（all P〈0.05）.The extraversion scales in study group were positively related with problem- solving scales,resort scales（r=0.334,0.412,all P〈0.05）,and negatively correlated with avoidance scales,self- blame scales（r=- 0.408,- 0.382,all P〈0.05）,the neuroticism scales were positively related with self- blame scales,avoidance scales and rationalization scales（r=0.346,0.397,0.397,all P〈0.05）.The lie scales were positively correlated with rationalization scales in study group（r=0.432,P〈0.05）,and negatively correlated with avoidance scales（r=- 0.489,P〈0.05）.Conclusion It suggests that the personality traits and coping styles in patients with postpartum depression may be different from that of normal controls,and the personality traits may be related to their negative coping styles.