餐厨垃圾联合厌氧消化研究进展

Research progress of anaerobic digestion of food waste

介绍了餐厨垃圾组成、特点及其未经处理带给人们的危害。简介了我国餐厨垃圾处理现状、处理方式及厌氧消化原理。详细阐述了餐厨垃圾与牛粪、猪粪、污泥、秸秆、中国银草、毛竹叶、稻草,及猪粪和污泥等联合厌氧消化产甲烷的情况。得出了p H为7时及经热、化学、超声波、预处理后餐厨垃圾厌氧消化产气量均能达到最佳值。指出了餐厨垃圾联合厌氧消化过程中出现挥发性有机酸和氨氮抑制现象,可以通过混合物比例及控制有机负荷率来解决上述问题。总结表明了餐厨垃圾联合厌氧消化今后研究热点主要是联合厌氧消化后所产生液体的后续处理。

The composition,characteristics and hazards of food waste are introdued. Current situation of garbage disposal in China,food processing and the principle of anaerobic digestion are reviewed. Methane production by anaerobic co-digestion of kitchen waste,cattle manure,pig manure,sewage sludge,straw,China silvergrass,moso bamboo leaves is described in detail. The anaerobic co-digestion of pig manure and sludge are also elaborated. The optimal methane yield can be achieved after treating the food waste under heat,chemnical and ultrasonic conditions at 7 of p H value. However,during the anaerobic co-digestion of food waste,volatile organic acid and ammonia inhibition phenomenon take place,which can be solved by adjusting the ratio of mixture components and controling the organic loading rate. Finally,it is proposed that the treatment of waste liquid from anaerobic co-digestion of food waste will become the main research direction in the future.