帕金森病患者认知功能与平衡障碍关系的研究

Study on Relationship of Cognitive Function and Balance Disorders in Parkinson's Disease Patients

目的探讨帕金森病(PD)患者认知功能与平衡障碍之间的关系。方法纳入2013年1月至2014年11月门诊及住院诊断为PD患者50例(PD组)。采用剑桥老年人精神疾病检查量表测定PD患者的认知功能,采用重心平衡检查系统测试患者的平衡障碍。按临床痴呆评定表CDR评分将PD组分为轻、中、重度3亚组,与平衡障碍数据作相关性分析。同时纳入正常者40例为对照组。结果 PD患者认知障碍程度越重、重心摆动面积越大,重心摆动面积与认知功能有较好的曲线关系,重心摆动面积增大,单位时间轨迹长增大,PD组和对照组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);感觉整合测试平均综合分重度亚组<中度亚组<轻度亚组,3组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经感受器分析,重度、中度、轻度亚组的视觉、前庭觉平衡比率均未达正常值,与对照组比较明显降低(P<0.05)。结论随着认知功能障碍加重其平衡障碍也显著加重,PD患者认知功能障碍严重程度与平衡障碍之间存在一定的相关性。

To explore the relationship between cognitive function and balance disorder in Parkinson＇s disease（PD） patients. Methods 50 cases of PD patients were included in our hospital from January 2013 to November 2013. Cognitive function was measured through Cambridge Elderly Mental Illness Checklist. Balance obstacles was measured using gravity balance check system. According to the Clinical Dementia Rating（CDR） the PD patients were divided into three subgroups of mild, moderate and severe, and were correlatively analyzed with balance disorders data. Results The more severe cognitive severity of PD, the greater the area of postural sway. Postural sway area had better curvilinear relationship with the cognitive function. With the postural sway area increasing, the time long track in unit interval increased. There was significant difference（P〈0.05）. The sensorimotor integration test average composite in severe subgroup was less than that of moderate subgroup. The test average composite in moderate subgroup was less than that of severe subgroup. There were significantly statistical difference（P〈0.05） among the three groups. After receptor analysis, the balance rates of visual and vestibular sense of the three subgroups did not reachthe normal rate, and were lower than the control group（P〈0.05）. Conclusion With cognitive dysfunction increasing, the balance disorders increased, there was a certain correlation between severity of cognitive dysfunction and balance disorders in PD patients.