计划行为理论在吸烟男性戒烟行为干预中的应用

Study on the male smoking cessation behavior intervention based on theory of planned behavior

目的探讨计划行为理论(TPB)在吸烟男性戒烟行为干预研究中的应用效果,为不同人群控烟干预积累经验。方法应用TPB设计调查问卷,在生活环境、经济水平等因素相似的2个社区选取吸烟男性进行问卷调查,找出吸烟男性戒烟行为的影响因素,以此拟定干预策略和方案。对照组不进行任何干预,干预组接受半年的社区控烟宣传、戒烟讲座、家庭成员督促教育、社区戒烟公约制定等基于TPB的针对性干预。结果干预后干预组较对照组在戒烟相关行为态度、主观规范和知觉行为控制方面有明显改善,有戒烟意向者从20%提升至40%,认为自己戒烟能成功者从10%提升至26%,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 TPB是吸烟男性戒烟行为的主要影响因素,针对性的干预能有效提高吸烟男性戒烟行为的尝试。

[Objective]To evaluate the effect of the theory of planned behavior （TPB） program used in male smoking cessation behavior intervention study, and accumulate experiences for tobacco control intervention in different groups. [Methods]The questionnaire was designed according to the TPB, male smokers chosen from two communities with the same level of economic development and living environment were investigated, to find out the influencing factors of smoking cessation behavior, and then formulate the intervention strategies and programs. Targeted interventions based on the TPB was implemented in the experimental group for half year, include community tobacco control publicity, quit smoking lectures, family members supervision and education, and community smoking cessation convention formulation, while the control group without any intervention. [Results]After intervention, the rates of attitude toward the behavior, subject norm and perceived behavior control related in quitting smoking in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The proportion of people who had the intention to quit smoking raised from 20% to 40%, the proportion of people who considered himself can quit smoking successfully raised from 10% to 26%, and the differences were statistically significant （P〈0.05）.[Conclusion]The TPB is the main influencing factor in male smoking cessation behavior intervention, and targeted intervention can effectively increase the incidence rate of trying to quit smoking behavior.