2011—2014年南宁市常住人口结核病流行病学特征

Epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis among permanent residents in Nanning City from 2011-2014

目的通过分析2011—2014年南宁市常住人口结核病流行的时间、空间及人群分布,为结核病的防治工作提供理论依据。方法利用结核病管理信息系统获取南宁市常住人口的结核病报告信息,并进行流行病学描述分析。结果 2011—2014年南宁市常住人口累计报告结核病28 893例,年均报告发病率53.68/10万。各年份报告发病率分别为48.46/10万、56.02/10万、53.59/10万、56.56/10万,总体呈上升趋势(χ2=102.564,P<0.01);结核病发病无明显季节性。在结核病报告病例中,男性占72.00%,女性占28.0%,发病年龄以25岁以上人群居多,农民(56.94%)是肺结核发病最多的人群,但各年度农民报告发病率显著低于非农民报告发病率;常住人口为上林县的报告发病率最高,市区发病率最低。结论南宁市常住人口报告结核病发病例数总体仍呈上升趋势,政府应继续对结核病防治工作加大投入,加强当地结核病防治政策及技术研究,各地区在落实好国家各项防治政策的同时,应积极探索适合自身情况的防治策略。

[Objective]To provide theoretical basis for prevention and control of tuberculosis （TB） through analyzing the spatial, temporal and demographic distribution of TB among permanent residents in Nanning City from 2011-2014.[Methods]The TB data of permanent residents in Nanning City were collected from TB management information system, and investigated by the descriptive epidemiological analysis.[Results]A total of 28 893 TB cases were reported in Nanning City from 2011-2014, and the average annual reported incidence rate was 53.68/lakh. The annual reported incidence rate was respectively 48.46/lakh, 56.02/lakh, 53.59/lakh and 56.56/lakh during 2011-2014, which showed a rising trend （X2=102.564, P〈0.01 ）, and there was no obvious seasonality in TB epidemic situation. 72.00% of TB cases were male while 28.0% were female, and most of cases were people over 25 years old. TB patients were mainly farmer, accounting for 56.94%, but the annual reported incidence rate of farmers was lower than that of non-farmer population in every years. The reported incidence rate in Shanglin County was the highest while that in urban area was the lowest.[Conclusion]The reported TB cases show a rising trend in Nanning City. The government should continue to increase the investment in TB prevention work, strengthen the research about TB control policy and technology, implement the national prevention strategy, and actively explore the appropriate prevention strategy according to the local characteristics.