人乳头状瘤病毒检测与其在宫颈癌诊治中的应用

Human papilloma virus detection and its application in diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer

人乳头状瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)持续感染是宫颈癌发生发展的促进因素,其致瘤作用主要与其基因表达与蛋白转化有关。目前临床上用于检测HPV的方法主要有免疫组化、原位杂交、核酸印迹、聚合酶链反应(PCR)、第2代杂交捕获法(the second generation of hybrid capture,HCⅡ)等,其中HCⅡ是第1个经美国食品和药品管理局(US Food and Drug Administration,FDA)批准的临床检测高危型HPV方法。高危型HPV检测联合细胞学筛查可最大程度优化防癌筛查的流程和宫颈异常细胞的临床处理,同时HPV检测也是宫颈癌治疗后随诊的重要方法。因此HPV检测在宫颈癌筛查、诊断及治疗随访中均具有十分重要的意义。

Persistent infection of human papilloma virus（HPV） is a promoting factor in the occurrence and development of cervical cancer and the tumorigenic role is mainly to the gene expression and protein transformation.The current methods of HPV clinical detection include immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, nucleic acid imprinted, PCR, the second generation of hybrid capture （HC Ⅱ ）. HC Ⅱ is the first clinical detection of high-risk type HPV which is approved by FDA. The combination of the high-risk type HPV detection and the cytology screening can reach the maximum optimization of cervical cancer screening processes and clinical treatment of abnormal cervical ceils, and the HPV detection is an important method of follow-up after cerical cancer treatment. Therefore, HPV detection plays an important role in the cervical cancer screening, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.