道路交通事故与驾驶员群体心理品质关联模型构建

Building model for relationship between road traffic accident and drivers' psychological quality

构建驾驶员心理品质与道路交通事故之间的关联模型,以准确反映机动车驾驶员的心理品质和安全驾驶的关系。依据事故倾向性理论,采用对照研究方法,随机选取253名事故驾驶员和254名优秀驾驶员,用艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)和卡特尔16种人格因素问卷(16PF)进行调查。比较2组驾驶员群体的气质类型和人格特征,通过因子分析计算驾驶员心理品质的综合得分。将所有驾驶员系统聚类,建立参照模型,区分驾驶员的不同类型。结果表明,驾驶员的心理品质直接制约驾驶行为,事故驾驶员和优秀驾驶员之间在心理品质上有显著差异,事故倾向性驾驶员筛查有可操作性。

To accurately reflect the relationship between psychological quality and accident proneness among motor vehicle drivers,an association model was built according to the theory of the accident tendency. The case-control study method was applied to this research. 253 accident drivers and 254 excellent drivers were selected randomly as objects of an investigation. The investigation was carried out by means of Eysenck personality questionnaire（ EPQ） and sixteen personality factor questionnaire（ 16PF）. A comparison of both temperament and personality traits between the accident drivers and the excellent drivers. Total scores of psychological quantity were calculated for 5 types of drivers through factor analysis. A reference model was built through cluster analysis. The results show that psychological quality directly restricts driving behaviors and there are significant differences in psychological quality between accident and excellent drivers,which means screening for accident tendency driver is workable.