基于定量RBI技术的输气站场设备风险评价

Risk assessment of equipment in gas transmission station by quantitative RBI technology

为避免油气站场设备腐蚀泄漏可能引起的恶性事故,应对站场实行风险管理。以某输气首站为评价对象,针对腐蚀泄漏,采用定量的基于风险的检验(RBI)技术,分析计算5种关键设备的失效概率、失效后果和风险值,判断其风险等级。对于风险等级高的设备,以可接受风险等级的最大值反算检测频率。制定5种关键设备的最优检测计划,确定其优先检测顺序。结果表明,压缩机及其出口管道、超声流量计等应被优先检测并采取相应维护措施,其他设备可根据实际情况降低检测频率。建议建立与多种破坏因素有关的失效数据库,以保证站场定量风险评价工作的全面性。

To avoid the serious accidents caused by equipment corrosion and leakage in oil and gas transmission station,the risk management should be undertaken. Aiming at the corrosion leakage,this paper takes an initial gas transmission station as risk evaluation object,uses the quantitative RBI technology,calculates failure probabilities,consequence and risk values of 5 kinds of key equipment,and estimates their risk grades,for high risk equipment,calculates the inspection frequencies on the basis of maximum acceptable risk values. Working out an optimum inspection plan for 5 kinds of key equipment and putting forward an inspection sequence. The result shows that the compressor and its outlet pipeline as well as ultrasonic flow meter should be inspected frequently and maintained carefully, while the inspection frequency of others can be decreased relatively. To ensure the comprehensiveness of station quantitative risk assessment,establishing a failure database related to multiple causes is recommended.