基于排水系统水力模型的城市防汛运行调控的优化

Optimization of Urban Flood Control Technology Based on Hydraulic Model for Drainage System

为更好地发挥排水设施的防汛减灾效益,该文运用水力模型科学评估了上海中心城区肇家浜区域排水系统的防汛安全现状调控方案。通过分析1年一遇、3年一遇和5年一遇设计降雨时该地区敏感积水点的积水面积、积水深度、退水时间,结合降雨过程强度、管道水力特性、泵站运行等相关要素,提出该地区排水系统优化调控的思路,并计算分析优化调控后的防汛效果。研究表明,通过降低特定泵站降雨运行水位,并配合预抽空等优化方法,能够实现增强系统调蓄能力,减轻重点泵站排水压力,以及部分缓解区域的内积水情况。优化后的调控运行模式不论是对改善整体区域内的涝情,还是对缓解敏感积水点的积水都有较为显著的作用。

To get a better flood control effect of drainage system, the author used drainage hydraulic model to analysis Zhaojiabang stromwater system in Shanghai central city in the paper. After the analysis of surface ponding area, ponding depth, ponding time by once a year, once every three years and five years rainfall, combining with relevant factors such as rainfall intensity, static hydraulic characteristics, pumping running, the optimal daily operation mode ideas of drainage system were proposed and evaluated. The research suggests that the regulate capacity would be enhanced, the drainage pressure would be less and ponding would be reduced, when setting the running water level lower and taking fore-extracting. The optimal daily operation mode not only can improve whole ponding situations, but also can optimize the ponding in specific area which is rainfall-sensitive.