土坡降雨入渗影响因子模拟实验

SLOPE RAINFALL INFILTRATION FACTOR SIMULATION EXPERIMENT

综合模拟实验土坡降雨入渗的各种常见影响因子,实验结果表明:土质对降雨入渗能力的影响明显,土中粘粒含量越高,颗粒越细微,粒间孔隙越小,吸、保水性能越强,开始入渗速度较快,在一定时间后入渗趋于平缓,浸润线前锋位置与雨水之间存在滞后现象;土体结构都对土体入渗能力产生较大影响,随着土体密实程度的增加,土体水力传导度减小,其水分入渗能力明显降低,开始入渗速度较快,在30min过后入渗趋于平缓;在临界含水量内,渗透系数与饱和度成反比;在正常温度范围内,对渗透影响不明显;坡度与累积入渗深度基本呈凸形曲线关系;随着植被覆盖度增加,累积入渗量成直线增加。

This paper comprehensive simulation slope rainfall infiltration of various common factors,the experimental results show that：The influence of soil to the rainfall infiltration ability significantly,the higher the clay content in the soil,the smaller particle,the more subtle,the intergranular pore,the stronger water,the absorption performance,fast start infiltration,in a certain time after the infiltration of leveling off,saturation line between forward and rain lag phenomenon;soil structure have great influence on soil water infiltration capacity,with the increase of soil compaction degree,soil hydraulic conductivity decreases,its water infiltration capacity is decreased obviously,fast start infiltration,infiltration leveling off after 30 minutes;within the critical moisture content,the penetration effect is not obvious;show convex curve slope with cumulative infiltration depth basic relations;with the increase of vegetation coverage,cumulative infiltration amount into linear increase.