保水剂、绿藻粉处理对库尔勒香梨抗冻能力的影响

Effects of Spraying Water-retaining Agent and Chlorella Powder Solution on the Cold Hardness of Korla Fragrant Pear

【目的】在合理的水肥管理条件下,研究摘叶、喷施绿藻粉和保水剂等措施对库尔勒香梨(Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd)一年生枝抗冻能力的影响。【方法】选择15年生库尔勒香梨树为试材,设CK(对照)、摘叶、喷施保水剂、喷施绿藻粉等4个处理,人工低温胁迫条件下,测定与抗寒相关生理指标,研究各处理对库尔勒香梨一年生枝抗冻能力的影响。【结果】人工低温胁迫条件下,CK和摘叶处理枝条受严重冻害,保护酶系统(SOD、POD)遭到一定程度的破坏,致使膜脂过氧化物MDA大量积累。与对照相比,绿藻粉和保水剂处理SOD、POD活性明显提高,MDA积累少。CK和摘叶处理游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白等渗透调节物质含量明显低于绿藻粉和保水剂处理,电解质渗出率显著高于喷施绿藻粉和保水剂处理。【结论】绿藻粉和保水剂处理明显提高香梨一年生枝透调节物质含量,减轻库尔勒香梨一年生枝的受冻害程度,对库尔勒香梨一年生枝起到一定的机械保护作用。

[ Objective ] The project aims to study the effects of spraying water - retaining agent and chlo- rella powder solution on the cold hardness of Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd annual shoots under rational water - fertilizer management. [ Method] 15 years old Korla fragrant pear trees were used as test material to explore the influence of defoliation, spraying chlorella powder and water - retaining agent to physiological indexes related to cold hardness of korla fragrant pear annual branches under artificial chilling condition. [ Result] Protective enzymes system （ SOD, POD） were damaged to a certain degree causing the accumulation of the membrane lipid peroxide MDA due to the severe cold injury of CK and defoliated branches. Compared to CK, SOD and POD activity were increased significantly after the spraying of chlorella powder and water - retaining a- gent, in contrast, MDA were more accumulated in CK and defoliated shoots. Osmotic regulation substances such as free proline, soluble sugar, soluble protein contents in chlorella powder and water - retaining agent sprayed shoots were significantly higher than those in CK and defoliated shoots, in contrast, electrolyte leakage rate in CK and defoliated shoots were significantly higher than those in chlorella powder and water -retaining agent sprayed shoots. [ Conclusion] Spraying chlorella powder and water -retaining agent can reduce the level of freezing injury significantly by increasing osmotic regulation substances in annual shoots, thus playing a mechanical protection role for Korla fragrant pear annual branches.