不同部位分离的猪源葡萄球菌的耐药情况分析

Analysis of Drug-resistance of Staphylociccus Isolated from Pigs at Different Sites

【目的】调查新疆昌吉州的某规模化猪场,生猪不同部位(鼻腔和直肠)分离的葡萄球菌耐药情况。【方法】采用微量肉汤稀释法,对不同部位分离出的葡萄球菌,进行临床9种常用抗菌药物的药敏试验;对耐药结果使用SPSS软件进行卡方检验,比较不同部位分离出的葡萄球菌耐药的差异性。【结果】鼻腔分离的葡萄球菌主要对氧氟沙星(89.5%)和克林霉素(89.0%)的耐药率较高。直肠分离的葡萄球菌主要对克林霉素(84.5%)、氧氟沙星(81.0%)和阿米卡星(81.0%)耐药率较高。通过卡方检验分析发现,直肠分离的葡萄球菌对阿米卡星和庆大霉素的耐药率显著高于鼻腔分离的葡萄球菌的耐药率(P<0.05)。鼻腔分离的葡萄球菌仅对苯唑西林的耐药率显著高于直肠分离的葡萄球菌的耐药率(P<0.05)。多药耐药差异性结果显示:鼻腔分离的葡萄球菌以6耐(11.75%)和7耐(9.5%)为主,直肠分离的葡萄球菌以8耐(11.5%)为主。且在8耐和9耐中,直肠分离的葡萄球菌多药耐药率显著高于鼻腔分离的葡萄球菌多药耐药率(P<0.05)。【结论】直肠分离的葡萄球菌对大部分被检抗菌药物的耐药率比鼻腔分离的葡萄球菌耐药率更高,直肠分离的葡萄球菌耐药率比鼻腔分离的葡萄球菌多药耐药情况更加严重。抗菌药物在呼吸道和肠道两种不同感染途径中,肠道耐药率更加严重,在临床用药方面,可结合感染部位的不同,科学的更换抗菌药物。

【Objective】In order to investigate commonly used antimicrobial drug- resistance of Staphylociccus isolated from pigs at different sites（ nasal and anal） in a farm in Changji,Xinjiang.【Method】The minimal inhibitory concentrations（ MIC） of the nine antimicrobial drugs to Staphylociccus were isolated from pigs at different sites. The broth dilution method was used to detect nine antibacterials＇ resistance of Staphylociccus and difference of drug- resistance rate was analyzed by SPSS. 【Result】Results showed that the main resistance of Staphylococcus isolates from nasal rates to levofloxacin and clindamycin were 89. 5%,89%. The main resistance of Staphylococcus isolates from anal rates to clindamycin（ 84. 5%）,levofloxacin（ 81%） and amikacin（ 81. 0%） were high. Through the chi square test analysis found that the resistance rates of Staphylococcus isolates from anal to amikacin and gentamicin were significantly higher than the isolated Staphylococcus isolates from nasal swabs（ P〈 0. 05）. The drug resistance rate of Staphylococcus isolated from the nasal cavity was significantly higher than that of Staphylococcus（ P 〈0. 05）. Multi drug resistance results displayed that the Staphylococcus isolated from the nasal cavity was 6（ 11. 75%）,and the rectal isolates were 8（ 11. 5%）.And in the 8 and 9 resistance,the resistance rate of Staphylococcus isolated from the nasal was significantly higher than that of the isolated from anal Staphylococcus isolated from anal swabs（ P〈 0. 05）.【Conclusion】The resistance rate of Staphylococcus isolated from the anal to most of the antimicrobial agents was higher than that of Staphylococcus isolated from the nasal. The multi drug resistance results described that the resistance rate of Staphylococcus isolated from the anal was more serious than that of the Staphylococcus isolated from the nasal. The drug resistance rate is more serious in the two kinds of different infection ways of respiratory tract and intestinal tract,and can be combined with different infection sites in clinical medicine,and scientific replacement of antimicrobial agents.