高压复合绝缘子应用及老化状态研究综述

Review in Application of High Voltage Composite Insulator and Its Ageing State

综述了复合绝缘子的发展和应用情况,介绍了复合绝缘子投入运行后在外力作用下的老化机理以及分析方法,重点阐述了当前应用较多的复合绝缘子老化评估方法,包括热刺激电流、傅里叶红外光谱分析、核磁共振以及正电子湮没寿命谱等,并对其相关研究成果进行了综述。热刺激电流法、傅里叶红外光谱以及核磁共振等可以从陷阱深度变化、化学变化基团以及弛豫时间等对复合绝缘子老化程度进行准确评估。正电子湮没寿命谱作为电力领域一种新的微观结构检测方法,可对复合绝缘子老化前后自由体积变化进行精确测试。因此在以后研究中可将正电子湮灭与上述3种方法联用,从微观的角度深入认识复合绝缘子的老化过程。

The development and application situation of composite insulator was reviewed. The ageing mechanism and analysis methods of composite insulator in service were introduced. The ageing evaluation methods of composite insulator,including thermal stimulation depolarization current（TSDC）,Fourier transform infrared spectrum（FTIR）,nuclear magnetic resonance（NRM）,and positron annihilation lifetime spectra（PALS）,were elaborated mainly,and the relative research results were anlyzed. The TSDC,FTIR,and NMR could evaluate the ageing degree of composite insulator from the variation of trap depth,chemical groups,and relaxation time. The PALS is a new microstructure detection method,which can measure the variation of free volume of composite insulator before and after ageing accurately. So the PALS could be used to deeply understand the ageing process of composite insulator in microcosmic scale through combining the above three methods in later studies.